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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Research</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="p1"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;Entries in this section of the Copyright Cortex include both peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed research, exploring the law of copyright and its effects on policy and practice in a variety of cultural heritage contexts. From managing the risks associated with making orphan works available online to claiming copyright in digital surrogates of public domain works, this section catalogues data, evidence, and commentary across a wide range of topics. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="p1"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;If you have any recommendations for material that should feature in this section of the Copyright Cortex please do let us know. You can contact us at: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="mailto:info@copyrightcortex.org"&gt;&lt;span class="s2"&gt;info@copyrightcortex.org&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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            <text>http://lawecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1068&amp;context=facpubs</text>
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            <text>103</text>
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            <text>1607-1682</text>
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            <text>Northwestern University Law Review</text>
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              <text>Copyright and Copy-Reliant Technology</text>
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              <text>This journal article presents a theoretical framework for the copyright implications present in the use of large corpora of copied texts for nonexpressive uses, such as internet search engines, plagiarism detection software, reverse-engineering software, and the Google Book Project. </text>
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              <text>Matthew Sag</text>
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          <name>Date</name>
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              <text>2009-1-1</text>
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          <name>Publisher</name>
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              <text>Northwestern University </text>
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              <text>CC BY-NC-ND</text>
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              <text>CleanUrl: copyright-copy-reliant-technology</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;This article studies the rise of copy-reliant technologies - technologies such as Internet search engines and plagiarism detection software that, although they do not read, understand or enjoy copyrighted works, necessarily copy them in large quantities. This article provides a unifying theoretical framework for the legal analysis of topics that tend to be viewed discretely. Search engines, plagiarism detection software, reverse engineering and Google's nascent library cataloging effort, are each part of a broader phenomenon brought about by digitization, that of copy-reliant technologies. These technologies raise two novel, yet central, questions of copyright law. First, whether a non-expressive use that nonetheless requires copying the entirety of a copyright work should be found to infringe the exclusive rights of the copyright owner. Second, whether the transaction costs associated with copy-reliant technologies justify switching copyright's default rule that no copying may take place without permission to one in which copyright owners must affirmatively opt-out of specific uses of their works.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This article explores the pivotal role of the fair use doctrine in adapting copyright law to new technology, and explains the role of expressive substitution in fair use doctrine generally and the application of fair use in the context of non-expressive use in particular. Furthermore, this Article explores the application of fair use in situations where the alleged infringer has provided copyright owners with the ability to opt-out. The Article is timely in light of the pending Google Book Settlement.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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      <description>Extra CC fields for copyright information</description>
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          <name>Visual Date</name>
          <description>Date of creation or availability of the resource that is shown to users. To be formatted as follows: 2017 January 7</description>
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              <text>In Copyright</text>
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          <name>Keywords</name>
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              <text>fair use</text>
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              <text>mass digitisation</text>
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      <name>copy reliant technology</name>
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      <name>transaction costs</name>
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